The project was implemented to establish the infrastructure required for the safe and uninterrupted transfer of crude oil arriving at the refinery by sea via high-capacity marine tankers.

The project was executed under a contract valued at USD 226 Million, signed with TSGI Engineering & Construction Ltd. (a joint venture of Técnicas Reunidas, Saipem S.p.A., GS Engineering & Construction, and Itochu). ES Denizcilik served as the EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contractor for the project.

Project Scope and General Approach

The STAR Refinery Liquid Bulk Port Project was carried out using an integrated engineering approach encompassing jetty structures, reclamation areas, site development works, seabed dredging operations, and slope stabilization applications. Within the scope of the project, three piled jetties were constructed to serve the refinery. In addition, the preparation of the reclamation area, tank terrace works, marine fillings, revetments, and 1,250 meters of slope safety works were successfully completed.

Main Construction Activities

The principal construction works executed under the project are summarized below:

• 1,000,000 m³ of marine fill and rock revetment (reclamation)

• 67,000 m³ of seabed dredging

• 500,000 m³ of terrace and slope excavation

• 28,000 m of bored pile construction

• 14,000 jet grout columns

• 4,000 rigid columns

• Construction of 1,250 m of crown (capping) wall

• Installation of 800 tons of tie rods

• 5,500 m³ of reinforced concrete head beam construction

• 3,600 m² of gabion wall construction

• 8,000 m³ of reinforced concrete pipe rack foundations

• Extensive excavation, backfilling, and infrastructure works

Of the total 1,000,000 m³ reclamation fill, 260,000 m³ was carried out offshore using two barges. Simultaneously, 67,000 m³ of seabed dredging was completed.

Jetty Structures

Within the scope of the jetty works:

• 2 service platforms,

• 7 loading and unloading platforms,

• 18 berthing dolphins,

• 31 mooring dolphins,

Along with various catwalks, a total of three piled jetties were constructed. The jetties were designed and built with lengths of 495 m, 351 m, and 332 m, respectively. All structures were implemented in compliance with capacity and safety requirements suitable for accommodating large-tonnage tanker berthing and operational needs.

Reclamation, Site Development, and Slope Stabilization

Reclamation works included seabed dredging and marine filling along a 1,330-meter alignment, as well as jet grout, rigid column, bored pile, and tie-rod installations, crown wall construction, and drainage applications.

Site development works comprised excavation and filling operations, construction of gabion and concrete walls, permanent road construction, and installation of drainage systems.

As part of slope stability improvement works, fill areas were reprofiled, rockfall protection barriers were installed, and slope protection applications were carried out over a total surface area of 39,159 m².

Environmental Protection and Sustainability Measures

The preservation of Posidonia oceanica (seagrass meadows) located within the project area constituted one of the key environmental responsibilities of the project. In this context:

• Silt curtains were installed,

• Sediment accumulation observations were conducted,

• Turbidity measurements were regularly performed,

and all construction activities were carried out in conjunction with comprehensive environmental monitoring and control processes.